The Chicago Manual of Style is used by writers in the humanities (see also: MLA Style), predominantly in the field of history. You may sometimes hear the style referred to as the Chicago/Turabian style. Katie L. Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations provides style recommendations nearly identical to The Chicago Manual of Style, except tailored for student writers.
Book in print:
Diaz, Junot. The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. New York: Riverhead Books, 2007.
Aritcle from a database:
Zellner, Harold. "Sappho's Sparrows." The Classical World 101, no. 4 (2008): 435-442. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25471966.